TED演讲之神童 伊娃·韦尔泰什对医学未来的展望(4)
It seems that cancer is a direct result to injury. If you smoke, you damage your lung tissue, and then lung cancer arises.
研究表明，癌症是由损伤直接导致的，如果你吸烟，损害了你的肺部组织，就会引起肺癌。
If you drink, you damage your liver, and then liver cancer occurs.
如果你喝酒，损害了你的肝脏，就会引起肝癌。
And it was really interesting — there were articles correlating if you have a bone fracture, and then bone cancer arises.
有趣的是，很多文献中都有相似的研究结果，如果你骨折，就会引起骨瘤。
It seems that, because what stem cells are — they’re these phenomenal cells that really have the ability to differentiate into any type of tissue.
起因是干细胞的特性——这些惊人细胞的确有分化的能力，在任何类型的组织中。
So, if the body is sensing that you have damage to an organ and then it’s initiating cancer, it’s almost as if this is a repair response.
因此，如果身体感应到有受损器官，它就按下了癌症的启动按钮，把它当成一种修复反应。
And the cancer, the body is saying the lung tissue is damaged, we need to repair the lung.
身体说肺组织受到了损害，需要修复，
And cancer is originating in the lung trying to repair — because you have this excessive proliferation of these remarkable cells that really have the potential to become lung tissue.
癌症便由此而生 试图修复的过程中，这些细胞会过度增生，这些细胞有成为肺组织的潜力。
But it’s almost as if the body has originated this ingenious response, but can’t quite control it.
不过，好像身体引发了这个巧妙的反应程序，却不能完全控制它。
It hasn’t yet become fine-tuned enough to finish what has been initiated. So this really, really fascinated me.
它不能精确调整这个已经开始的过程，因此，这真的，真的使我着迷。
And I really think that we can’t think about cancer — let alone any disease — in such black-and-white terms.
我真的认为，我们不能用非黑即白的眼光，来看待癌症——更不用说是其他疾病了。
If we eliminate cancer the way we’re trying to do now, with chemotherapy and radiation, we’re bombarding the body or the cancer with toxins, or with radiation, trying to kill it.
如果我们用化疗和放疗去治愈癌症，我们在用毒素或辐射轰击身体或癌细胞，试图杀死它。
It’s almost as if we’re getting back to this starting point.
这可能会让我们回到起点。
We’re removing the cancer cells, but we’re revealing the previous damage that the body has tried to fix.
我们是在消除癌细胞，但同时身体也会试图修复这些，一再被揭开的损伤。
Shouldn’t we think about manipulation, rather than elimination?
我们是不是应该思考如何控制癌细胞，而不是消除它们？
If somehow we can cause these cells to differentiate — to become bone tissue, lung tissue, liver tissue, whatever that cancer has been put there to do — it would be a repair process.
如果我们可以想办法使这些细胞分化，成为骨组织，肺组织，肝组织，不管哪个部位的癌细胞，那将会是一个修复损伤的过程。
We’d start off and better than we were before cancer. So, this really changed my view of looking at cancer.
我们会得到比以前治疗更好的结果。因此，这确实改变了我对癌症的看法。
And while I was reading all these articles about cancer, it seemed that the articles — a lot of them — focused on, you know, the genetics of breast cancer,
当我在阅读癌症的相关文献时，发现其中很多文献都把重点放在乳腺癌的基因。
and the genesis and the progression of breast cancer — tracking the cancer through the body, tracing where it is, where it goes.
和乳腺癌的成因与发展，在身体中追踪癌症，跟踪它，看看它会扩散到哪里。
演讲简介：
伊娃·韦尔泰什——一位演讲时年仅19岁的少女——介绍了她医学研究的经历和驱使她探究癌症和阿尔茨海默氏症病因的动力。