驻印度加尔各答总领事就中印关系发表的演讲
驻印度加尔各答总领事就中印关系发表的演讲
驻印度加尔各答总领事张利忠在领导者与企业家发展学院就中印关系发表的演讲
2011年5月28日
Speech by Mr. Zhang Lizhong, Consul General of China in Kolkata at Institute of Leadership, Entrepreneurship & Development
28 May, 2011
驻印度加尔各答总领事就中印关系发表的演讲
2011年5月28日，驻加尔各答总领事张利忠应邀在印度加尔各答领导者与企业家发展学院（ILead）发表演讲，约100名师生参加。讲话全文如下：
On 28 May, 2011, Mr. Zhang Lizhong visited the Insitute of Leadership, Entrepreneurship & Development(ILEAD), a private owned management bussiness school in Kolkata, and delivered a speech on India-China relationship to the students and faculty members of the ILEAD. The full text of the speech is as follows:
加尔各答领导者与企业家发展学院主席乔普拉先生，
老师们、同学们：
下午好！
Good Afternoon!
Mr. Chopra, Chairman of ILead and teachers and students of ILead.
很高兴来到ILead学院。我刚刚参观了整个学院，看见学院许多地方有中国元素，并获悉中印关系是管理课程中的一部分，倍感亲切。
It is a pleasant moment to be in ILead and just now I have the opportunity to tour around different sections of ILead. I am very much excited, very pleased to see that Mr. Chopra has put China-India in the management courses of ILead. I feel that Chinese element is decorated in every space of this building. That gives me lots of encouragement.
我到任近半年，已访问了总领馆领区所有五邦。每到一处，我总有意外的惊喜。今日之行也不例外。
I have been to Kolkata for about half a year. After I came here, I have visited 5 states, which fall under the jurisdiction of the Consulate General. Every time I went to a new place, I always found some surprises out of my expectations. Today it is another surprise to me.
中印两国同为文明古国，也是两大新兴经济体。中国一直从全球和战略高度看待中印关系。中印两国领导人一直强调，两国关系已超出双边范畴，越来越具全球和战略意义。当前，两国关系发展势头良好。我到加尔各答后感受尤深，当地人士愿促进中印关系的热情令我印象深刻。去年，温家宝总理成功访问印度，两国在经贸、商务等领域达成许多共识。ILead学院在这些领域教育学生，而在座的许多同学毕业后也将从事这些领域的工作。两国在教育、文化等领域也达成很多共识。
As you know, India and China are two great civilized nations, also two emerging economies. China has always viewed China-India relationship from a global and strategic viewpoint. Leaders of China and India have always maitained that China-India relationship has gone beyond simple bilateral relationship and has increasingly carried global and strategic significance. We have faced a very good momentum. That has been felt ever since I came to Kolkata. I have been much impressed by the enthusiasm for the promotion of the relationship between China and India. Last year when Premier Wen Jiabao paid a successful official visit to your great country, lots of consensus have been reached between us in trade, business opportunities which this school have been promoting. Many of the students after graduation would be involved in that area. Also consensus have been reached in education, culture and many other fields.
去年，中印两国贸易额超过600亿美元，中国成为印度最大贸易伙伴。基于两国间的贸易潜力，两国领导人定下2015年双边贸易额达1000亿美元的目标。数年前，我们还难以想象两国贸易额会如此之高，但随着我与当地人士，尤其是做中国贸易的商人进一步接触，我对实现这一新目标越来越有信心。今年4月，辛格总理赴中国海南三亚出席“金砖国家领导人会议”并会晤中国国家主席胡锦涛，会谈取得重要成果。两国高层互动频繁，双边关系不断升温并取得进展。中印关系的重要性不仅在于两国庞大的人口和快速发展的经济实力，而且还是由两国在各领域合作的深度决定的。当前，经贸合作已成为两国关系的基石。可以预见，两国间未来将有更多更广的贸易合作。贵校可以说抓住了这一趋势的精髓，我对你们这一明智决定表示祝贺！
Last year, the trade volume has reached over USD 60 billion. That means, China becomes the biggest trading partner of India, and leaders of China and India decided to set up a new goal based on the trade potentiality between our two nations. The goal is USD 100 billion by 2015. Maybe a few years ago, it was difficult to imagine that our trade volume would go such high, but when I get in touch with people here, especially those doing business with China, I am confident that this new goal could be achieved. Indian Prime Minister Mamohan Singh also paid a visit in April to China when His Excellency attended the BRICS meeting in Sanya, Hainan Island in southern part of China. There are many important achievements made in that meeting between Chinese President Hu Jintao and Indian Prime Minister Mamohan Singh. With frequent exchanges of leadership between our two countries, the bilateral relationship is really warming up and making progress. The importance of our vital relationship is not only decided by the size of the population of both countries, or by the simple fact that China and India enjoys rapid development in the world as two emerging economies, but also decided by the depth of cooperation in all fields as trade and economic cooperation has become the solid foundation of our nations’ relations. We expect greater, bigger trade opportunities in the future, and I must say your school has really caught the essence of that trend. I congratulate you that you have made a wise choice in that regard.
几个月前，中国制定了统筹未来五年社会和经济发展的“十二五规划”。我愿归纳几个要点和大家讨论。
A few months ago, China formulated “The Twelfth Five Year Plan” for social and economical development of the future five years. I know that India also has five year plan. I will summarize some key points.
首先，中国将主动降低GDP增长速度。上个财年，印度的GDP增长速度在8.3%到8.5%，中国约为10.3%。过去几十年，中国的GDP增长速度保持在10%左右。过去5年我们的GDP目标增长率为7.5%，今后五年则是7%。为什么中国要在未来五年将GDP增长速度降至7%呢？我们认为对发展中家来说，GDP增长是关系到提高人民生活水平、促进经济发展、增加就业机会的大事。毋庸置疑，中国和印度正面临着上面提到的挑战，尤其是减贫方面，中国已取得重大进步，印度也作出很大的努力，但根据联合国标准，两国仍有众多民众生活在贫困线以下。我们日益认识到，只重视GDP不利于国家发展。伴随社会经济快速发展的是环境恶化和对自然资源的过度消费。这样的发展不可持续，所以我们必须降低增长速度，更加重视利用科学技术和创新促进经济发展。这是中国有意降低经济发展速度的基本原因。
One key point is China will purposely lower down the target growth rate of GDP. As you know, India’s GDP growth in the last fiscal year is around 8.3% to 8.5%. China’s GDP grow is around 10.3%. For the last 5 years, we had set the goal of growth rate around 7.5%, but in the next 5 years, it is set as 7%. The idea is that, GDP, we believe, is important for the improvement of the livelihood of people, for the economic growth and for the job opportunities in developing countries. I think that is quite clear and China and India face the same challenges, providing more job opportunities, improving the livelihood of people and alleviating the poverty. China has made much progress in alleviating poverty population. India has also made great efforts in that regard. There are still large portion of population living under the poverty line according to the UN standard. But we increasingly came to realize that sole emphasis on GDP is not the best option for the development of the nation. We have been increasingly feeling the pressure from the natural resource and the environment. During the past rapid development in economy and society, we have seen the environment is deteriorating and there is phenomenon of over consumption of the natural resources and envrionment pollution. This phenomenon can not sustain, so we need to lower down the growth rate. Therefore, we put more emphasis on science, technology, innovation of the economic development. That’s the basic idea behind purposely lowering down the development rate in China.
第二，根据“十二五规划”，中国将改变经济发展方式。过去，中国经济很大程度上依靠出口和政府投资。特别是2008年金融危机后，中国成功启动经济刺激一揽子方案，有效抵御了全球金融危机的冲击，保持经济健康快速增长。印度也迅速采取了足够的措施应对金融危机的影响，也很成功。但过度依赖出口和政府投资的经济不可持续，因此，中国要增加国内消费。印度在这一方面做得很好，我们需要借鉴印度经验，以内需带动经济。根据一些评估，今后5年中国消费市场将大幅提升。去年中国进出口总额为3万亿美元，GDP是6万亿美元，中国已成为世界第2大经济体。预计今后5年，中国的进出口总额将达8万亿美元，对环境保护和环保产品的投资将达3万亿美元。这为中国和印度提供了众多商机。
According to the “Twelfth Five Year Plan”, China has also adopted a new economic development approach. In the past, Chinese economy relies heavily on export and government investment. Especially after 2008 Financial Crisis, China has successfully initiated the Economy Stimulus Package which has helped China avoid the influence of Global Financial Crisis, and maintain healthy and rapid development. India has also done successfully in that regard, taking rapid and sufficient actions to deal with the effects of the global financial crisis. But too much reliance on export and government investment is not sustainable in the future. Therefore, China wants to expand domestic consumption. In this regard, India has done a good job. In eastern part of India, though it lags behind than the rest of India for certain reasons, historical and other issues, domestic consumption plays a big role in economic development. We need to learn from India, to make the economy domestic consumption-driven one. According to some estimates, in the next 5 years, domestic demand in the consumption market of China will be largely expanded. The import and export volume of China last year is USD 3 trillion, and our GDP last year is USD 6 trillion, making China the second largest economy in the world. In the next 5 years, our trade volume of both import and export is expected to reach USD 8 trillion and investment on the environment and environment-friendly products will reach USD 3 trillion. That provides a lot of opportunities for China and India business.
第三，中国重视发展新兴战略产业，如新材料、新能源、新能源汽车、IT、服务业、高端制造业、生物技术等。当前，中国新能源产业发展良好，如风能和太阳能。这些产业不是劳动密集型产业，而是依靠科学技术和创新。同时，我们计划在今后5年将新兴战略产业对GDP的贡献率提升至8%，2020年之前提升至15%。对印度来说，这也意味着大量商机，因为印度在上述一些产业具有优势，如IT和服务业。与此同时，我们努力加快传统产业升级，引进更多的科学技术。我们计划进行大规模经济结构改革，使得未来经济更加可持续、更环保、更绿色。
China also puts much emphasis on developing new strategic industries. India is doing quite well in IT and service industry. We want to develop new strategic industries, like new materials, new energy, new energy-driven automobiles, IT, service, high end manufacturing equipment, bio-technologies. At present, China is doing quite well in new energy sector, like wind power, solar energy. These sectors are not based on labor intensive, but based on science, technology and innovation. In the meantime, we are going to increase the contribution of the new strategic industries to GDP to 8% in the next 5 years and raise that portion of GDP to 15% by 2020. These sectors imply many business opportunities as India does quite well in some of these industries, like IT and service sectors. In the meantime, we are going to upgrade traditional manufacturing industries, to bring in more elements of science and technology. In the long run, we are going to see grand economic structural reforms, to make the economy more sustainable, more environment-friendly and more green in the future.
“十二五规划”中的这些要点不仅对中国的经济发展意义重大，而且可以为中国国内和包括印度在内的周边国家提供大量的就业和商业机会。
These points of the “12th Five Year Plan” are not only significant for economic development in China, but also significant in terms of providing more jobs and business opportunities to China and other countries in the world, including our neighbour India.
下面，我想就中印之间的文化和教育交流说几句，大家肯定会感兴趣。来加尔各答之后，我确实做了几件有关泰戈尔的事情，比如5月4日纪念泰戈尔150周年诞辰音乐会。对中国人来说，我们在学生时代就学习过泰戈尔的诗歌并非常喜爱，例如《飞鸟集》。我也去过泰戈尔故居，中国文化部捐款536万卢比在那里修建“泰戈尔与中国”展厅，目前工程进展顺利。
Then I would like to say a few words about cultural and educational exchanges between India and China, which I think you will be interested in. After I came here, I do concentrate on some Rabindranath Tagore issues. For Chinese, we learnt Tagore poems in schooldays and like them very much. One poem collection is called Stray Birds. After I came here, I have encountered Rabindranath Tagore House. The Ministry of Culture of China has donated Rs. 5.36 million to help build a “Robindranath Tagore and China” Gallery in the Tagore House. We are in the preparation for that purpose.
说到中印文化教育交流，首先进入我们脑海的便是泰戈尔。这是中印传统友谊的象征。1924年，泰戈尔访问中国。对此，也许很多印度人不知道，因为泰戈尔一生访问过50多个国家，中国只是其中之一。但泰戈尔的中国之行影响了一代中国知识分子，包括著名画家徐悲鸿。北京大学的教授甚至给泰戈尔取了中文名字。泰戈尔回印度后，中国湖南人谭云山先生帮助在圣蒂尼克坦国际大学创建了中国学院。一个月前，我刚刚访问过那里，100多个学生在那学习中文和从事中国研究。他们热切希望有中国教师授课。一年半前，他们有一位中国教师，现在只有印度教师，但我的印象是，印度教师汉语说得很好。不久，他们可能会有一位从云南来的中国教师。国际大学中国学院在当代印度中国研究和中印关系方面发挥了独特作用。
When we talk about cultural and educational exchanges, which should play a bigger role in our future relationship, Rabindranath Tagore is what first came to my mind. That’s our tradition, symbol of friendship between India and China. Rabindranath Tagore paid a grand visit to China in 1924. Many Indians may not know that because Tagore visited around 50 countries in the world and China is only one of the countries he visited in his lifetime. But Tagore’s 1924 grand tour in China had significant impact on the generation of intellectuals in China, like famous painter Xu Beihong. Intellectuals in Beijing University even gave a Chinese name to Rabindranath Tagore. When Tagore returned to India, one Chinese person Mr. Tan Yunshan helped build the Chinese Institute in Santiniketan in the framework of Visva-Bharati University. Just one month ago, I paid a visit to that University and there are around 100 students involved in China study. They told me they were eager to have Chinese teachers. One and a half years ago, they had a Chinese teacher teaching Chinese, but now they have only Indian teachers. My impression is Indian teachers there can speak Madarian very well. They teach all kinds of courses in Chinese. They are looking forward to having one Chinese teacher probably from Yunnan Province. That Chinese institute has a unique role in promoting Chinese study in modern India and China-India relationship.
除了泰戈尔，我们还会想到佛教。公元5世纪和7世纪，法显和玄奘分别来到比哈尔地区学习佛经。正因为玄奘的准确记载，英国人在上世纪初发掘出那烂陀大学。我访问比哈尔的时候，当地人非常热情，告诉我玄奘在那里求学的传奇经历。泰戈尔、佛教交流是中印交流史上的佳话。我们珍视这些传统，也会继续传承发扬。同时，历史的脚步不能停止，新时代要求我们注入新能量，继续推进中印关系。
Besides Tagore, we Chinese always think of Buddhism. Faxian in 5th century and Xuanzang in 7th century came to Bihar area to learn Buddhism Scriptures and because of Xuanzang’s vivid description of Nalanda University, British could restore the Nalanda University in 1910’s. When I visited Bihar, people there were very enthusiastic to tell me stories about how Xuanzang studied in that area. So we think of Rabindranath Tagore, think of traditions of Buddihism exchanges. We cherish these traditions and I believe we can continue to work on these traditions. In the meantime, we need to input new energies into that relationship in new era. We cannot stop at what history has played and we should move forward in that relationship.
目前，许多印度人希望学习汉语。他们不仅想说汉语，了解中国文化，更想抓住中印之间的机会，为今后的事业做准备。中国总领馆对此表示支持和鼓励。加尔各答有一座私人开办的中文学校，规模不大，但办学认真。总领馆帮助他们从中国请到2至3名中国教师。今年4月，印度中等教育中央委员会(CBSE)将中文列入外语选修课之一，中国承诺将提供教学材料和帮助训练教师。
Nowadays many local people expressed interest in learning Chinese languages, not only to speak Chinese, learn more about Chinese culture, but also to prepare themselves for future careers. They seize the opportunities between China and India. Consulate General of China in Kolkata encourage that. There is a family-based Chinese School in Kolkata. It is small in size but it is trying hard to provide language-teaching to local students and the Consulate General in the past has helped them find 2 or 3 Chinese teachers from China to help students learn Chinese. This year in April, Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) enlisted Chinese as one optional foreign language for students and China promised to help provide teaching materials and training of teachers.
今年是“中印交流年”，两国间将有更多的人员交流。中国将接待印度500名青年访华。我相信，对青年人的投资是对未来两国关系的重大投资。我们乐见更多的印度人访问中国，更多的中国人访问印度。必须承认，两国间由于历史原因互信还不够，还有误解。许多中国人不了解印度，许多印度人不了解中国。人们的记忆大多停留在过去，如泰戈尔、佛教、玄奘等等。因此，我呼吁两国的教育机构在未来发挥更大作用，提高民众的意识。让印度学生多了解中国，让中国学生多了解印度，让人员来往得更频繁。
This year is declared “Year of Exchange” between China and India and we are going to see more and more people-to-people exchanges. China has promised to host 500 Indian youths to China. I believe that investment in youth is good investment on our future relationship. We would like to see more Indians come to China and more Chinese come to India. We must admit there is some mistrust between our two nations because of historical issues. There are also misconceptions, lots of people in China do not know much about India, just like in India, lots of people do not know much about China. Lots of memories remain in the past, Rabindranath Tagore, Buddhism, Xuanzang. That’s why I call for educational institutions to play a bigger role in the future, to raise awareness of both countries. Let Indian students know more about China and let Chinese students know more about India, to encourage more flux of people come back and forth.
去年，约有54.9万印度人访问中国，约有9.9万中国人访问印度。这是不平衡的。中印两国是最大的发展中国家，有理由相信应有更多的人员交流。与两国的人口相比，现在的访问人数太少。我们需要更多的人员交流。现在，加尔各答和昆明之间有直航，再过一个月，加尔各答和中国改革开放的窗口城市 — 广东的深圳之间有望开通直航。这将更加便利两国人员往来，增加两国的理解。
Last year around 549,000 Indians travelled to China and around 99,000 Chinese travelled to India. It is not balanced. As China and India are the biggest developing countries with the largest population, I firmly believe that we should have more people-to-people exchanges between us. Compared to the large size of our population, the current visits by both countries are too small. We absolutely need to see more and more people-to-people exchanges. There is a direct flight between Kolkata and Kunming, and maybe in another month, there will be another direct flight from Kolkata to Shenzhen, which is a pioneer city in China’s Reform process and is in Guangdong Province. The new direct flight will be launched in the near future and will facilitate more movement of people, more mutual visits and help to improve the understanding of our two great nations.
最后，我再次感谢主席先生组织这次活动，让我和同学与老师们就中印关系、两国的商业和经济合作机会交流看法。
Having said that, once again I would like to thank Mr. Chairman for providing this opportunities, organizing so many students and teachers here to share some ideas on China-India relationship and business and economic cooperation opportunities.
谢谢！
Thank you very much!