TED演讲之寻找真理:经验与记忆之谜(2)
The second trap is a confusion between experience and memory;
第二个陷阱是经验和记忆间的混淆：
basically, it’s between being happy in your life,
基本上这是在生活中体会快乐
and being happy about your life or happy with your life.
与觉得生活很快乐以及对于你的生活满意之间的差别。
And those are two very different concepts,
这两者的意义相距甚远，
and they’re both lumped in the notion of happiness.
且在论及快乐时会混为一谈。
And the third is the focusing illusion,
第三个陷阱则是聚焦错觉，
and it’s the unfortunate fact that we can’t think about any circumstance
令人遗憾的是，任何情况下，当我们想到一些
that affects well-being without distorting its importance.
关于快乐生活的情景时，我们势必会觉得它特别重要。
I mean, this is a real cognitive trap.
我的意思是，这是一个真正的认知陷阱。
There’s just no way of getting it right.
它避无可避。
Now, I’d like to start with an example of somebody who had a question-and-answer session
现在，我想以一个例子来开头，有个人上过我的课后
after one of my lectures reported a story, and that was a story
于答问之时向我讲述了一则故事。
He said he’d been listening to a symphony, and it was absolutely glorious music
他说他有次在听交响乐时，觉得音乐真是动听极了，
and at the very end of the recording, there was a dreadful screeching sound.
但在演奏快结束之时，却冒出了尖锐刺耳的声音。
And then he added, really quite emotionally, it ruined the whole experience. But it hadn’t.
接着他激动地表示，这就是一只老鼠坏了一锅粥。但事实并非如此。
What it had ruined were the memories of the experience.
所发生的糟糕印象仅仅是对这段经验的记忆。
He had had the experience. He had had 20 minutes of glorious music.
他经历了这段经验。他也经历了20分钟的听觉盛会。
They counted for nothing because he was left with a memory;
但现在都已无足轻重了，因为他仅留下一段记忆；
the memory was ruined, and the memory was all that he had gotten to keep.
就是那段糟糕的记忆，而其它20分钟的盛会则被完全遗忘了。
演讲简介：
通过使用休假和胃肠镜检查的例子，诺贝尔奖获得者及行为经济学创始者丹尼尔·卡纳曼向我们揭示了“经验自我”和“记忆自我”是如何使用不同角度来理解快乐。这一新见解将会对经济领域、公共政策领域以及我们的自我意识产生深远的影响。