演讲的四个目标

• 提供信息

To offer information;

• 使听众感到乐趣

To entertain the audience;

•  动之以情

To touch emotions;

•  使听众行动起来

To move to action;   演讲切忌 1. 语速太快;     Talking too rapidly; 2. 声音单调；   Speaking in monotone; 3. 声音尖细；   Using too high a vocal pitch; 4. 谈得太多，说得太少； Talking and not saying much; 5. 感情不充分； Presenting without enough emotion or passion; 6. 对观众采取一种居高临下的姿态; Talking down to the audience; 7.  夸张的词语使用得太多； Using too many "big" words; 8.  使用抽象概念而不给出事例加以说明； Using abstractions without giving concrete examples 9.  使用别人不熟悉的技术术语； Using unfamiliar technical jargon; 10.  使用俚语或粗俗语； Using slang or profanity; 11.  演讲无组织，散乱无序； Disorganized and rambling performance; 12. 说话绕弯子，不切中主题 Indirect communication i.e. beating around the bush；   怎样与听众交流

•  要有值得交流的观点；

A message worth communicating;

•  引起听众的注意：抓住他们的兴趣并赢得信任；

Gain the listeners' attention: capture their interest and build their trust;

•  重视理解；

Emphasize understanding;

•  获得反馈；

Obtain their feedback;

•  注意声调，要有感情；

Watch your emotional tone;

•  说服听众；

Persuade the audience;   怎样变得自信

• 微笑并看着观众

Smile and glance at the audience；

• 开始发言时要慢一点，身体保持昂首挺胸的姿态

Start very slowly, with your shoulders back and your chin up;

• 开场白说一些真诚话

Open your speech by saying something very frankly;

• 穿上自己最好的衣服

Wear your very best clothes;

• 对自己说一些积极的话

Say something positive to / about yourself   怎样组织演讲

• 要有一个结构：可以分一二三点；可以从地理上分东南西北；比较与对比；我方与他方；正面与反面；

To have a structure: such as first, second, third; geographically, north, south, east, west; compare and contrasts; our side versus their side; negative and positive;

• 将材料归类整理，如笑话、趣事、名人名言、有趣的数据

To label the materials such as jokes, funny anecdotes, favorite sayings, interesting statistics; 如何开头

• 讲个（自己的）故事

To tell a story (about yourself).

• 对大家能够聚在一起表示感谢

To acknowledge the occasion of the gathering.

• 称赞一下听众

To pay the listeners a compliment.

• 引用名人名言

To quote

• 使用一些不平常的数据

To use unusual statistics.

• 问观众一个挑战性的问题

To ask the audience a challenging question；

• 播放录像带或看幻灯片

To show a video or a slide.   如何结尾

• 重复你的开头

To repeat your opening.

• 概括你的演讲

To summarize your presentation.

• 以趣事结尾

To close with an anecdote.

• 以号召行动结尾

To end with a call to action.

• 以反问结尾

To ask a rhetorical question.

• 以一个陈述句结尾

To make a statement.

• 展示演讲大纲

To show an outline of your presentation.     眼神交流

• 眼睛慢慢地从一个移动到另一个人，在每一个人身上停留两到三秒钟时间；

Move your eyes slowly from person to person, and pause two or three seconds with each listener;

• 眼睛直视听众，或看着他们的鼻梁或下巴

Look at people straight or look at the bridge of their noses or chins;

• 找到那些看起来比较友善的听众，逐次朝他们微笑；然后目标转向那些有些怀疑的听众，也逐渐朝他们微笑；

Look for the friendlier faces and smile at them one by one, then move on to the more skeptical members and smile at them one by one also;

• 如果你感到紧张，不妨想象听众都穿着浴衣的样子。

Imagine the audience in bathrobes in case you are nervous.   紧张的典型特征

• 手放在口袋里

Hands in pockets

•  眨眼次数过多

Increased blinking of the eyes ；

•  害怕眼神的接触

Failure to make eye contact；

•  舔嘴唇和抿嘴唇

Licking and biting of the lips ；

•  敲叩手指

Finger tapping ；

• 手势又急又快

Fast, jerky gestures   如何使用手势

• 手可以指点着假想的物体，不要用食指指着别人；

Point at imaginary objects and don't point at others with your index finger;

• 尺寸的大小和数量的多少也可以通过两手的扩张和收缩来演示

Size or quantity can also easily be shown by expanding or contracting  the hands;

• 手抬起并与头成四十五度角，优雅地用手势表示出数字

Gracefully show your audience the appropriate number of fingers by holding your hands at a 45 degree angle from your head;

• 如果想要强调长度尺寸的大小，将两手伸向前方，尽量分开，并上下移动。

To emphasize physical size such as length, width, hold your hands out in front you widely apart to move them up and down.   来源：Internet