We have itemized with some degree of particularity the things that ought to be altered and here are some of the chief items:

我们已经逐条列记了一些会发生改变的特殊事物，以下列举了一些：

A tariff which cuts us off from our proper part in the commerce of the world, violates the just principles of taxation,

在商业世界中，关税切断了商业的正常运行，违反了税法原则，

and makes the Government a facile instrument in the hand of private interests;

在个人利益手中，政府成了一套工具；

a banking and currency system based upon the necessity of the Government to sell its bonds fifty years ago and perfectly adapted to concentrating cash and restricting credits;

50年前，我们根据政府需要制定银行和货币政策，售卖债券，很好地集中了资金和限制了贷款；

an industrial system which, take it on all its sides, financial as well as administrative, holds capital in leading strings,

不管是金融还是管理，工业体系涉及多个方面，在多个主要领域聚拢资金。

restricts the liberties and limits the opportunities of labor, and exploits without renewing or conserving the natural resources of the country;

限制自由，限制就业机会，以自然资源为代价进行开发。

a body of agricultural activities never yet given the efficiency of great business undertakings

农业从未向商业那样行之有效，

or served as it should be through the instrumentality of science taken directly to the farm,

科技也从未直接作用于农业，

or afforded the facilities of credit best suited to its practical needs; watercourses undeveloped, waste places unreclaimed, forests untended,

也没有为实际需要而购置农业设施，河道尚未开发，森林资源无人开采，废弃土地无人认领。

fast disappearing without plan or prospect of renewal, unregarded waste heaps at every mine.

在尚未制定计划或提出恢复想法之前，它就已经消失，矿山废物无人处理。

We have studied as perhaps no other nation has the most effective means of production,

我国或许是生产手段最高效的国家，我们已经进行了研究，

but we have not studied cost or economy as we should either as organizers of industry, as statesmen, or as individuals.

但作为产业组织者，政治家，亦或是个人，我们并没有对成本或经济进行研究。

Nor have we studied and perfected the means by which government may be put at the service of humanity, in safeguarding the health of the Nation,

就政府服务于人们，保证国家健康运行的措施，我们也没有进行研究或完善。

the health of its men and its women and its children, as well as their rights in the struggle for existence.

男女老少的健康，以及人们的生存权益。

This is no sentimental duty. The firm basis of government is justice, not pity. These are matters of justice.

这里没有感情可言。政府仰仗公正，而非同情。这些是正义问题。

There can be no equality or opportunity, the first essential of justice in the body politic,

如果在工业化和社会化进程中，妇女儿童的生命没有得到保证，

if men and women and children be not shielded in their lives, their very vitality,

那么司法就无平等或机会可言，

from the consequences of great industrial and social processes which they can not alter, control, or singly cope with.

因为这些进程是无法改变，不可控制，且个人之力无法应对的。

少年时代就醉心于政治，三度出任英国首相的威廉·尤尔特·格莱斯顿是他心目中崇拜的英雄。威尔逊16岁进入戴维森学院，29岁获博士学位，30岁开始在大学任教。1902年发表的《美国人民史》被认为是其学术上的最高成就。

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