But I want to make it clear: there is no such thing as silence. 我要说清楚的是，并不存在一种叫做无声的东西。 And I know this sounds like the most pretentious TED Talk statement ever. 我知道这说法听起来差不多是TED里最自负的。 But even if you
So I've mentioned WikiLeaks, because surely what could be more open than publishing all the material? 我刚提到了维基解密，因为，还有比它更加公开的么？ Because that is what Julian Assange did. 因为朱利安阿桑奇就这么做了。 He wasn't content
And this, then, led to my big questions. And they're the same ones that I have today. 这让我想到一个大问题。一些我今日仍然在想的问题。 And they are: why do things happen, and how do things happen? 为什么事情会发生，它们是怎么发生的？ And the
But I learned what opportunity cost is. 但（通过这件事）我学会了什么是“机会成本”。 And along the way, the map of my life got better. 就这样，我人生的地图慢慢完整起来。 It got bigger; it contained more places. 版图不断扩大，地方也不断增多。 There were m
You also see young people using the tools and the sort of genres of the Internet in order to create places for intellectual engagement, 你还发现年轻人在使用互联网工具，来创建可以进行知识交流的空间， instead of the ironic detachment
Something as dramatic as our identity has now become a matter of choice, as this slide is meant to indicate. 如今像我们的性别身份这类的事都成了选择的话题了，就像这张幻灯片试图说明的那样。 We don't inherit an identity; we get to invent it.
Now, as a policy matter -- I'm almost done -- as a policy matter, the thing to think about is this: 我快说完了。现在说说一个政策问题，我们该想想的一个政策问题是， what enables all of this choice in industrial societies is material
A big thing that I also think about is accidents. 我也时常想到意外。 And as I said, my mother did not believe in randomness. What is the nature of accidents? 如我所说，我母亲从不相信偶然。那意外又是什么？ And how are we going to ass
So one contemporary equivalent of the Plaza Mayor in Salamanca is the Place de la Défense in Paris, 说一个与萨拉曼卡的马约尔广场相较衡的现代广场，巴黎的协和广场， a windswept, glass-walled open space that office workers hurry throu
How can this be? We think it's because these nuns had a high level of cognitive reserve, 这是怎么回事呢？我们认为这是因为这些修女拥有高级的认知储备， which is a way of saying that they had more functional synapses. 意味着她们有功能更强的突触。
And that's the difference between problems that are additive, like CO2, 这个就是可添加性问题，像二氧化碳问题， which we go slowly up and then we tip, and problems that are depletive, in which we lose what we have, which
But the truth is that these are mostly one-offs, boutique projects, not easily reproduced at a global scale. 但事实是这些往往都只是个例，精品工程没办法轻易的在全球范围内普及。 And that is the point. When you use materials that have a
This is a map of New York State that was made in 1937 by the General Drafting Company. 这是一张纽约州的地图，由通用制图公司在1937年绘制。 It's an extremely famous map among cartography nerds, 这张地图在地图发烧友中非常有名， because down h
I'm a little nervous, because my wife Yvonne said to me, she said, "Geoff, you watch the TED Talks." 我有点紧张，因为我的妻子Yvonne对我说：“Geoff，你看TED演讲的，对吧？” I said, "Yes, honey, I love TED Talks." 我说：“对啊，亲爱的，我喜欢TE
Now this would have been a wonderful paper. 这本来是一篇极好的文章。 That's how I solved it in my head. 这便是我解决这个问题的过程。 It was a white paper I handed out to governments. 我把这分白皮书分发给不同的政府。 And some governments told
So he was talking about the law in Britain which is the Communications Data Bill, an absolutely outrageous piece of legislation. 而他在谈论一个令人愤怒的英国通信数据法案啊！ In America, you have the Cyber Intelligence Shar
So we are moving to this democratization of information, and I've been in this field for quite a while. 我们已经进入了信息的民主化，我已经研究这方面很久了。 Slightly embarrassing admission: Even when I was a kid, I used to hav
Now, what's encapsulated in both these drowning metaphors -- actually, one of them is my mother's interpretation, 暗藏在这两个溺水故事中的比喻是其中一个说法来自我母亲， and it is a famous Chinese saying, because she said it to
I'm going to talk to you about some stuff that's in this book of mine that I hope will resonate with other things you've already heard, 我想在这里谈谈我这本书里的部分内容，希望它和你们已经听到过的一些事物引起共鸣， and I'll try to make som
If you think about technology, imagine if that's how we thought about technology. 如果我们来看一看技术，试想如果这就是我们对技术的看法。 Every time something didn't work, we just threw in the towel and said, "Let's forget it."
