SDcamps•演辩营全国英语演讲与辩论赛
Now, it is the position, generally speaking, of our intellectual community that while we may not like this, 普遍来说，我们的学术界是这样想的，虽然我们不喜欢这样 we might think of this as "wrong" in Boston or Palo Alto, 我们觉得这样是错误的，在波士顿或帕羅奧多 who are we to say that the proud denizens of an ancient culture 但我们怎么能说这些古老文化的骄傲后裔 are wr...
We do our best to ignore the fact that we don't always have it, 我们尽管忽略一项事实，我们并不常有敬畏之心 and that not everything can be explained. 也不是一切事情都能解释 Yet whether you're a rationalist or a mystic, 然而，无论你是理性主义者，或是神秘主义者 whether you think the words Muhammad heard that night came from inside himself or from outside, 无论你认为穆罕...
So then, you move off to this larger sphere of "human +," 那么，然后我们迈步来到这片更大的人类空间， and you could continue that process 我们不断地前进， and eventually explore a lot of this larger space of possible modes of being. 最终，在这片更大的空间，我们可以探索许多可能的生存方式。 Now, why is that a good thing to do? 那么，为什么这么做有益呢？ Well, we know ...
I first found out about this confrontation when I was in graduate school, and it kind of blew me away. 我第一次听说这个故事的时候还在念研究生，这个故事让我太惊讶了。 I mean, how could the word scientist not have existed until 1833? 我是说“科学家”这个词怎么可能是1833年才出现的？ What were scientists called before? 在那之前科学家们如何称呼自己？ What had changed to make a new ...
No, we need to be polite about differences. 不一定，我们只是需要礼貌地对待另一方 Politeness is a much-overlooked virtue. It's seen as hypocrisy. 有时候礼貌都被我们忽视了。有时候我们觉得那是虚伪 But we need to get to a stage when you're an atheist 如果你是个无神论者，而有个人对你说 and someone says, "Well you know, I did pray the other day," you politely ign...
Now, that's the way a lot of people feel about consciousness. 好了，那就是很多人对意识的感觉。 Real consciousness is not a bag of tricks. 真正的意识不是魔术师的口袋 If you're going to explain this as a bag of tricks, 如果你把它解释为魔术师的口袋， then it's not real consciousness, whatever it is. 那它就不是真正的意识，不管它是什么。 And, as Marvin said, and as ot...
The two really bad ideas that are hovering in the modern world 在当代世界有两个特别糟糕的想法 that inhibit our capacity to draw strength from art: 他们抑制了我们在艺术里获得力量的本领 The first idea is that art should be for art's sake — a ridiculous idea — 第一，艺术就为了艺术而存在 –说起来很荒谬 — an idea that art should live in a hermetic bubbl...
I'd like you to come back with me for a moment to the 19th century, specifically to June 24, 1833. 我希望先带你们回到19世纪，确切地说回到1833年6月24日。 The British Association for the Advancement of Science 英国科学促进协会正在剑桥大学， is holding its third meeting at the University of Cambridge. 召开第三届大会。 It's the first night of the meeting, 会议举办的第一...
This is actually a courageous talk, 这真是一个无畏的演讲 because you're kind of setting up yourself in some ways to be ridiculed in some quarters. 在某些地方你似乎把自己当成了一个笑柄让大家嘲弄啊 You can get shot by both sides. 不管怎么说我都有可能被批评 You can get shot by the hard-headed atheists, and you can get shot by those who fully believe. 我可以被固执的无神论者...
I'm going to speak today about the relationship between science and human values. 今日我要讨论科学和人类价值观之间的关系 Now, it's generally understood that questions of morality — questions of good and evil and right and wrong — 我们一般认为有关道德问题，善恶对错的概念 are questions about which science officially has no opinion. 是科学所不能解决和参与讨...
Indeed, Rensink's subjects took only a little bit more than a second to press the button. 是的，Rensink的实验对象仅仅花了一秒多一点点的时间来按下按钮。 Can you see that one? 2.9 seconds. 这个能看到吗？2.9秒。 How many don't see it still? 多少人仍然没有看到？ What's on the roof of that barn? It's easy. 那个谷仓的屋顶上有什么？简单吧。 Is it a bridge or a dock?...
Now, when we think about changing human nature, 那么，当我们考虑改变人类本质时， the first thing that comes to mind are these human modification technologies 首先想到的便是那些人类改造技术 growth hormone therapy, cosmetic surgery, 荷尔蒙生长疗法，整容手术， stimulants like Ritalin, Adderall, anti-depressants, anabolic steroids, artificial hearts. 如利他林，安非他命缓释剂之类...
At worst, possession — that he'd been seized by an evil jinn, 往坏处想，他被邪恶的神怪附身了 a spirit out to deceive him, even to crush the life out of him. 要来欺骗他，甚至来取他的性命 In fact, he was so sure that he could only be majnun, possessed by a jinn, 事实上，他非常肯定他只是恶魔附身，被神怪占有 that when he found himself still alive, his first impulse was...
Still, some boundaries are larger than others. 然而，有些领域的边界更为宽广 So a human encountering the divine, as Muslims believe Muhammad did, 所以当人类遇到了神性时，正如伊斯兰教徒相信穆罕默德一样 to the rationalist, this is a matter not of fact but of wishful fiction, 对于理性主义者来说，这并不是事实，而是一厢情愿的想像 and like all of us, I like to think of myself as ra...
And if we're more concerned about our fellow primates than we are about insects, as indeed we are, 如果和昆虫做比较，我们比较关心我们自己的物种 it's because we think they're exposed to a greater range of potential happiness and suffering. 那是因为我们认为我们比昆虫能感受到更大程度的快乐或痛苦 Now, the crucial thing to notice here is that this is a factual claim: ...
In the secular world we think, "If an idea is important, I'll bump into it. I'll just come across it." 在非宗教世界里，我们觉得 "我会毫无预兆就想到一个好主意，我是偶然想到的" Nonsense, says the religious world view. 宗教人士会说 "胡扯" Religious view says we need calendars, we need to structure time, we need to synchronize encounters. 宗...
So if you think about what it means to learn arithmetic or to learn to read, 因此，如果你思考学习算术和阅读意义何在， you're actually, literally rewriting your own brain. 那实际上你就是在重写你自己的大脑。 You're changing the microstructure of your brain as you go along. 你在学习的过程中，也正在改变大脑的微型结构。 So in a broad sense, we don't need to think abou...
Now, many of you might worry that the notion of well-being is truly undefined, 或许在你们之中，有许多人会担心这所谓的幸福该如何界定 and seemingly perpetually open to be re-construed. 这似乎没有一定的标准 And so, how therefore can there be an objective notion of well-being? 而且，怎么可能有一种完全客观的人身幸福的标准存在呢？ Well, consider by analogy, the concept of physical...
The artist had very cleverly suggested people and clothes and wagons and all sorts of things, 艺术家很聪明地暗示了人物和服装，以及车马还有其他事物， and my brain had taken the suggestion. 而我的大脑接受了这样的暗示。 You're familiar with a more recent technology, which is — There, 你们很熟悉一个更新的技术，就在–这个。 you can get a better view of the blobs. ...
That's probably not all that difficult. 这也许并不是太难做到的事情。 It might just be a simple hormone or something that could do this. 可能只需要一种普通激素或其它什么材料。 It's been done in voles. 人们在田鼠身上做过这种实验。 You can engineer a prairie vole to become monogamous when it's naturally polygamous. 本性上是一雄多雌制的草原田鼠，经过改造后，可变为一...