英文欣赏：痴呆症的一种 Alzheimer's Disease(上)
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About Alzheimer’s Disease
关于阿尔茨海默氏病
Dementia is a brain disorder that seriously affects a person’s ability to carry out daily activities.
痴呆是一种大脑功能性失调，严重时会影响一个人的日常生活能力。
The most common form of dementia among older people is Alzheimer’s disease (AD),which involves the parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language.
老年人最常见的痴呆病是阿尔茨海默病(AD)，它牵扯到大脑中管理思想，记忆和语言的部位。
Scientists think that as many as 4.5 million Americans suffer from AD.
科学家认为有450万美国人患有这种痴呆病。
The disease usually begins after age 60, and risk goes up with age.
该病一般发病于60岁之后，发病的风险也会随着年龄的增加而增加。
AD is named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer, a German doctor. In 1906,
该病用一个德国医生，阿尔茨海默医生的名字来命名。1906年，
Dr. Alzheimer noticed changes in the brain tissue of a woman who had died of an unusual mental illness.
阿尔茨海默发现了一位死于不常见精神病的女患者的脑组织发生变化。
He found abnormal clumps. Scientists also have found other brain changes in people with AD.
他发现了异常凝结。科学家还发现了患有该病的患者脑部的变化。
Nerve cells die in areas of the brain that are vital to memory and other mental abilities.
大脑中与记忆力和其他心理能力有关的部位里的神经细胞都死了。
Scientists do not yet fully understand what causes AD.
科学家还不能全面解释导致这种痴呆症的原因。
Age is the most important known risk factor for AD. Family history is another risk factor.
年龄是造成阿尔茨海默病最重要的一个已知因素。
Scientists believe that genetics may play a role in many AD cases.
研究者认为遗传可能是导致该病的一大原因。
Scientists still need to learn more about what causes AD. In addition to genetics, they are studying education, diet, and environment to learn what role they might play in the development of this disease.
科学家仍然需要懂得更多关于导致该病的原因。再者，在遗传学的角度上，他们正研究着教育、饮食和环境对于该病发生过程中的所能引起的影响。
1. die of 因……死，死于
eg. He was dying of boredom in the isolated island.
他独处于孤岛之中觉得乏味得要死。
eg. He is dying of curiosity to see how much money in my pocket.
他十分好奇地想知道我口袋里究竟有多少钱。
die of 和 die from 的区别：
表示死的原因，die 后既可接介词 of，也可接 from，两者的区别是：
一、若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介词 of。如：die of illness (heart trouble, cancer, a fever, etc) 死于疾病（心脏病，癌症，发烧等）
二、若死因不是存在人体之内或之上，而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介词 from。如：die from an earthquake (a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc) 死于地震（交通事故，雷击等）
三、若死因是环境影响到体内，即两方面共有的原因，则可用 of, from 均可。如：die of/from a drink (a wound, overwork, starvation, hunger and cold, etc) 死于饮酒（受伤，劳累过度，饥饿，饥寒等）但是在实际运用中，两者混用的情况较多
2. play a role 发挥作用；扮演一个角色
play a vital role 起关键作用
Play a primordial role 担任主要角色
eg. He or she will then show you how all these things, combined, play a role in choosing a career.
然后他/她会向你解释如何将这些事情结合起来，在你择业时发挥作用。
3. in addition to 除……之外
eg. In addition to that, I’m really enjoying all the running!
（可以在此赞助我！）除此之外，我确实非常享受跑步！
eg. In addition to all being in one room, all the students shared one teacher.
除了共处一间教室之外，所有的学生也共同拥有一位老师。