The global challenge that I want to talk to you about today我今天要跟大家谈的全球性挑战rarely makes the front pages.很少出现在头版头条It, however, is enormous但是，它影响之广，之深，in both scale and importance.都不可小视。Look, you all are very well traveled这里是TED全球论坛；this is TEDGlobal after all.相信在座各位一定去过很多地方。But I do hope to take you to

Let me tell you about Saima.我要告诉你们赛玛的故事。She lives in a small village outside Lahore, Pakistan.她住在拉合尔市外的一个小村子，在巴基斯坦。And at the time, she was miserable.她当时悲惨到家了。She was beaten every single day每一天by her husband, who was unemployed.她都被她失业的丈夫殴打。He was kind of a gambler type -- and unemployable, therefore

So you see how transformative你已经看到了little bits of help can be.微薄的帮助如何带来巨变。But I want to give you a reality check.但我还要给你们看看事实。Look: U.S. aid, helping people is not easy,美国援助，助人不易。and there have been books that have criticized U.S. aid.有些书曾批评过美国援助。There&#39s Bill Easterly&#39s book.比如Bill Easterly的书。T

Let me tell you about Beatrice Biira.下面这个故事有关碧翠斯，比拉.Beatrice was living in Uganda碧翠斯住在乌干达，near the Congo border,刚果边界附近，and like Dai Manju, she didn&#39t go to school.和戴曼君一样，她失学了。Actually, she had never been to school,其实她从未去过学校，not to a lick, one day.一点都没有。Her parents, again, said,她的父母也说，&quotWhy sho

So research has shown,有研究显示，if you look at people who live under two dollars a day --那些每天消费两美金以下的人--one metric of poverty --这绝对是标准的贫困人群--two percent of that take-home pay他们百分之二的收入goes to this basket here, in education.用于这个篮子，教育。20 percent goes to a basket that is a combination of百分之二十进了这个篮子，alcohol,

And that brings me to my first major我写《半边天》的两个信条之一of two tenets of &quotHalf the Sky.&quot是从这里得到启发的。And that is that这一个信条就是the central moral challenge本世纪of this century最大的伦理道德挑战is gender inequity.是性别不公。In the 19th century, it was slavery.在19世纪是奴隶制。In the 20th century, it was totalitarianism.在20世纪是极权

Let me tell you about Mahabuba.我要告诉你们马哈布巴的故事。She lives in Ethiopia.她住在埃塞俄比亚。She was married against her will at age 13.她13岁时被迫结婚。She got pregnant, ran to the bush to have the baby,她怀孕了，试图在灌木丛中生下孩子，but you know, her body was very immature,但她的身体还那么稚嫩，and she ended up having obstructed labor.她不幸发生了难产。T

So then, I ask,我想问的是，what&#39s in it for you?你可以为此做些什么？You&#39re probably asking that. Why should you care?你可以正有这个疑问：这于我何干？I will just leave you with two things.我只再说两点。One is that research shows第一，研究显示，that once you have一旦all of your material needs taken care of --你不必再担忧你的物质需求--which most of us, all

Well this is a really extraordinary honor for me.很荣幸来到这里。I spend most of my time in jails, in prisons, on death row.我大多数时候都在管教所，在监狱里，在死囚室中。I spend most of my time in very low-income communities in the projects and places where there&#39s a great deal of hopelessness.大部分时间我在低收入的社区里工作，在充满绝望的地区，做前途暗淡的项

Well that orientation of the spirit is very much at the core of what I believe even TED communities have to be engaged in.这个心灵的指向，就是我的核心信念，我们的TED社会也要参与进来。There is no disconnect around technology and design that will allow us to be fully human这里不应有任何东西把高新的科技和完美的设计和我们的人性间隔开来，until we pay attention to

Our system isn&#39t just being shaped in these ways that seem to be distorting around race, they&#39re also distorted by poverty.我们的司法系统不仅是改变了，而是围绕着种族问题扭曲了，也围绕着贫困扭曲了。We have a system of justice in this country that treats you much better if you&#39re rich and guilty than if you&#39re poor and innoce

Well I went into the courtroom. And as soon as I walked inside, the judge saw me coming in.所以我跑到法庭里。我一走进去，法官看见我就说：He said, &quotMr. Stevenson, did you write this crazy motion?&quot“史蒂文森先生，是你写了这个疯案么？”I said, &quotYes, sir. I did.&quot And we started arguing.我说：“是的，先生，是我写的。”然后我们就开始辩论。And people starte

And then she said, &quotI just need you to promise me three things, Bryan.&quot I said, &quotOkay, Mama.&quot接着她说：“我想让你向我保证三件事。”我说：“好的外婆。”She said, &quotThe first thing I want you to promise me is that you&#39ll always love your mom.&quot她说：“第一，我想让你保证你会永远爱你的妈妈。”She said, &quotThat&#39s my baby girl,

A couple months went by, and I had just forgotten all about it.几个月过去了，我全忘了有这么回事。And I finally decided, oh gosh, I&#39ve got to go to the court and do this crazy case.最后我决定，天哪，我得上庭去做这个案子。And I got into my car and I was feeling really overwhelmed -- overwhelmed.我跳上车，觉得很紧张--非常紧张。And I got in my car and

I sometimes get out of balance. I&#39ll end with this story.我常失去平衡。我想用个故事结束我的演讲。I sometimes push too hard. I do get tired, as we all do.我有时工作太多，很累，就像大家每个人一样。Sometimes those ideas get ahead of our thinking in ways that are important.有时这些想法太多而思考跟不上，结果是很严重的。And I&#39ve been representing these kids who

And I&#39m going to admit something to you. I&#39m going to tell you something I probably shouldn&#39t.现在我想向大家坦白一件事。可能不该在这里说。I know this might be broadcast broadly.因为这个演讲是会到处播的。But I&#39m 52 years old, and I&#39m going to admit to you that I&#39ve never had a drop of alcohol.我今年五十二了，我要向大家承认，我从来没有喝过一

Death penalty in America is defined by error.死刑在美国是常有差错的。For every nine people who have been executed, we&#39ve actually identified one innocent person who&#39s been exonerated and released from death row.每九个被判死刑的人，有一个后来会被证明无罪被免死刑。A kind of astonishing error rate -- one out of nine people innocent.

So you heard and saw an obvious desire by this audience, this community, to help you on your way and to do something on this issue.你应该听到看到这些听众，这个群体，想帮你、想做贡献的意愿了。Other than writing a check, what could we do?除了给你写支票，我们还能做什么？Well there are opportunities all around us. If you live in the state of Califo

And yet, we have in this country this dynamic where we really don&#39t like to talk about our problems.然而，我们这个国家不喜欢讨论存在的问题。We don&#39t like to talk about our history.我们不喜欢讨论历史。And because of that, we really haven&#39t understood what it&#39s meant to do the things we&#39ve done historically.正因如此，我们不

I gave her my whole rap, and when I finished she looked at me and she said, &quotMmm mmm mmm.&quot我做了一个全本无删减的演讲，当我结束时，她盯着我说：“别别别。”She said, &quotThat&#39s going to make you tired, tired, tired.&quot她说：“这些会让你很累，很累，很累的。”And that&#39s when Ms. Carr leaned forward, she put her finger in my face,这时卡尔夫人凑过

And my mother, my grandmother was tough, but she was also loving.我的外婆很强势，但她也很慈爱。When I would see her as a little boy, she&#39d come up to me and she&#39d give me these hugs.当我是个小男孩时，每次见到她都拥抱我。And she&#39d squeeze me so tight I could barely breathe and then she&#39d let me go.她抱得那么紧，我都透不过气来，然后她才会放开我。

Well I believe that our identity is at risk.我相信这说明我们有定位危机。That when we actually don&#39t care about these difficult things,当我们对这些棘手的问题置之不顾时，the positive and wonderful things are nonetheless implicated.我们却仍旧对那些正面的好事儿一如既往地关心。We love innovation. We love technology. We love creativity. We love entertain

规则：以规则的内化养成儿童行为的优美和内在的秩序；当孩子生活环境中的全体人都遵守着规则，孩子就知道自己能够做什么、不能够做什么，就能够生活在不超越底线的自由状态中，生活在和谐与秩序中，而这样的孩子将是基本规则的保护者和产生更自由的规则创造者。&ldquo爱和自由&rdquo科学的教育方法认为：对基本规则的共同遵守，于人类社会来说，意味着对每个个体自由的最大保障，而对教育来说，帮助孩子建立界限，是让儿童自由、独立成长的最大保障，建构儿童完全自律的品质和智能。对于未来的社会来说，他们将是社会秩序的自觉维护者和执行者。平等：以平等的关系引导儿童人际的和谐和友爱。若一个人在建构自我的阶段，生活在没有权

在教育的范围内，平等应当存在于任何人与他人的关系之间，存在于老师和孩子，孩子与幼儿园（学校），家长与孩子的关系中，并体现在日常生活中，这是教育的关键。但是，这样的理念在国内大部分教育机构中，很少被真正实践。老师：&ldquo小朋友记住了，啊，加饭举右手，手掌伸直。方静，你错了，这边是右手！加汤举左手，看着我，握住拳头。这边，握住拳头。吃饭不许讲话，啊！&rdquo老师：&ldquo方方，你要干什么？&rdquo孩子：&ldquo我要尿尿。&rdquo老师：&ldquo可见你洗手前没撒出尿，对不对！？以后必须养成上厕所的习惯，不许吃饭其间拉屎撒尿。扣你一个小红花！&rdquo孩子：&ldquo&

&ldquo不许在房间里乱跑，好好吃饭！&rdquo&ldquo我数3下，你必须坐到餐桌这儿来！&rdquo4岁的陶陶边吃饭边在房间里跑来跑去，和妈妈捉迷藏。陶陶妈已经说过无数次了：吃饭的时候不能离开桌子。但无论陶陶妈是苦口婆心、循循善诱，还是声色俱厉、甚至在他的小屁股上来两巴掌，都收效甚微。对于陶陶的无动于衷，陶陶妈变换各种方法，&ldquo软硬兼施&rdquo，可小家伙就是不买账。多次努力之后，陶陶妈只好无奈地听之任之，她无论如何也做不到&ldquo狠心&rdquo饿儿子一顿，并在下顿饭之前除了白开水不给他吃任何东西。因此，陶陶妈要培养陶陶&ldquo吃饭的规矩和餐桌礼仪&rdquo的计划