TED演讲:你真的知道你行为背后的动机吗(7)
And here I must point out, of course, that you are not allowed to use this as an actual method to change people's votes before an election,
在这里我还想指出的是，当然，你会被禁止在大选之前使用这项手段来改变人们的投票意向，
and we clearly debriefed them afterwards and gave them every opportunity to change back to whatever they thought first.
之后我们还很清楚地告诉了他们，我们给他们改回原来他们所想的答案的机会。
But what this shows is that if you can get people to see the opposite view and engage in a conversation with themselves,
但是这个试验表明，如果你可以让这些人们看到与他们相对的观点，并且让他们仔细斟酌自己的想法，
that could actually make them change their views. OK.
那就可以使他们改变他们的观点。好的。
So what does it all mean? What do I think is going on here?
那么这一切都是什么意思？我认为这里到底发生了什么呢？
So first of all, a lot of what we call self-knowledge is actually self-interpretation.
首先，那些我们所谓的自知之明其实是我们的自我诠释。
So I see myself make a choice, and then when I'm asked why,
我明白我做了一个选择，而当我被问起为什么时，
I just try to make as much sense of it as possible when I make an explanation.
我仅仅是想让我的解释听起来尽可能的合理。
But we do this so quickly and with such ease that we think we actually know the answer when we answer why.
但是我们迅速并且很容易地完成了这一过程，就是我们会误以为自己已经知道答案了。
And as it is an interpretation, of course we sometimes make mistakes.
因为这仅仅是一种诠释，当然我们时常会犯错误。
The same way we make mistakes when we try to understand other people.
当我们尝试去理解他人时，我们会以同样的方式犯错误。
So beware when you ask people the question "why" because what may happen is that,
当你问别人“为什么”的问题时要小心，因为将会发生的事是，
if you asked them, "So why do you support this issue?" "Why do you stay in this job or this relationship?"
如果你问他们，“为什么你会支持这个主张？”“你为什么从事这份工作，或持续这段感情？”
what may happen when you ask why is that you actually create an attitude that wasn't there before you asked the question.
其实你已经建立了一种态度，这种态度在你问这个问题之前并不存在。
实验心理学家培特·乔纳森对选择盲从性进行了研究——即一种使我们信服我们得到的就是我们想要的现象，甚至是当我们没得到的时候也是如此。在这个使人大开眼界的演讲中， 培特与我们分享了他的一个（与魔术师合作设计的）实验， 目的是回答这个问题：为什么我们会有这样或那样的行为？实验的结果对自我认知的自然属性及我们如何对操控做出反应都产生了重大影响。或许你不像你想的那样认识你自己。
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