TED演讲之生与死:如何健康长寿(5)
My editor at Geographic
我地理学的编辑
wanted me to find America's Blue Zone.
想让我找个美国的蓝区。
And for a while we looked on the prairies of Minnesota,
一时间我们观察了明尼苏达草原，
where actually there is a very high proportion of centenarians.
那里确实有相当比例的百岁老人。
But that's because all the young people left.
但只是因为所有的年轻人都离开了。
So, we turned to the data again.
因此，我们再次依赖数据。
And we found America's longest-lived population
我们发现美国最长寿的人群
among the Seventh-Day Adventists
都在星期六耶稣再生派论者当中
concentrated in and around Loma Linda, California.
这些人集中在加利福尼亚州的罗马琳达及周围地区。
Adventists are conservative Methodists.
再生派论者是守旧派人物。
They celebrate their Sabbath
他们从周五日落到周六日落
from sunset on Friday till sunset on Saturday.
一直庆祝安息日。
A "24-hour sanctuary in time," they call it.
他们称为“二十四小时至圣时间”。
And they follow five little habits
并且遵循五种
that conveys to them extraordinary longevity,
相对而言传递给他们的
comparatively speaking.
能够特别长寿的习惯。
In America here, life expectancy
在美国，女人平均寿命
for the average woman is 80.
为80岁。
But for an Adventist woman,
但再生论者的女人，
their life expectancy is 89.
平均寿命是89岁。
And the difference is even more pronounced among men,
男人之间的差别则更为显著，
who are expected to live about 11 years
他们大约比其他美国男同胞
longer than their American counterparts.
多活11岁。
Now, this is a study that followed
这项研究是跟随7万人大约用了三十年
about 70,000 people for 30 years.
才做出来的。
Sterling study. And I think it supremely illustrates
是一项纯正的研究。我认为它极好地阐述了
the premise of this Blue Zone project.
对蓝区项目的假定。
This is a heterogeneous community.
这是一个多种族群体。
It's white, black, Hispanic, Asian.
有白人，黑人，西班牙人和亚洲人。
The only thing that they have in common are a set of
他们唯一的共同点是都有一套
very small lifestyle habits
适当的生活习惯
that they follow ritualistically
而且一生多半都恪守着
for most of their lives.
这种习惯。
They take their diet directly from the Bible.
他们的饮食来自于圣经。
Genesis: Chapter one, Verse,
第一章诗节
where God talks about legumes and seeds,
在这一节上帝讲豆科蔬菜和种子，
and on one more stanza about green plants,
并且讲了一节多的绿色蔬菜，
ostensibly missing is meat.
基本上忽略肉类。
They take this sanctuary in time very serious.
对待这种圣事，他们很严肃。
For 24 hours every week,
每周有24小时
no matter how busy they are, how stressed out they are at work,
不管多忙，工作压力多大，
where the kids need to be driven,
孩子们要在那里受到鼓舞，
they stop everything and they focus on their God,
所以他们放下一切事情只关注上帝，
their social network, and then, hardwired right in the religion,
在宗教里，他们的社会交际网，固定的权利
are nature walks.
都是对大自然的探索。
And the power of this is not that it's done occasionally,
这能量不是偶然发出
the power is it's done every week for a lifetime.
而是一生中每周如此。
None of it's hard. None of it costs money.
没有难度也没有花费。
Adventists also tend to hang out with other Adventists.
冒险家也想与同行一同去闲逛。
So, if you go to an Adventist's party
所以，如果你去参加一个冒险者聚会，
you don't see people swilling Jim Beam or rolling a joint.
你看不到人们痛饮玉米威士忌或做烟卷
Instead they're talking about their next nature walk,
他们正讨论的是下一次自然大探索，
exchanging recipes, and yes, they pray.
交换食谱然后祈祷。
But they influence each other in profound and measurable ways.
他们以深刻有策略的方式影响着彼此。
This is a culture that has yielded Ellsworth Whareham.
在这种文化中诞生了埃尔斯沃斯
Ellsworth Whareham is 97 years old.
他活了97岁
He's a multimillionaire,
是个百万富翁，
yet when a contractor wanted 6,000 dollars
但是一个承包人想要6000美元
to build a privacy fence,
建个私人栅栏时，
he said, "For that kind of money I'll do it myself."
他说这点钱我自己搞定。
So for the next three days he was out shoveling cement,
所以接下来的三年他外出铲水泥
and hauling poles around.
到处搬运电杆。
And predictably, perhaps, on the fourth day
正如预想，大约在第四天
he ended up in the operating room.
他在手术室去世。
But not as the guy on the table;
但根本不像手术台上
the guy doing open-heart surgery.
做心脏直视手术的家伙。
At 97 he still does 20 open-heart surgeries every month.
到97他仍然每月做20次心脏手术。
Ed Rawlings, 103 years old now,
爱德罗林斯，现103岁，
an active cowboy, starts his morning with a swim.
是个活泼的牛仔，每天早晨游泳。
And on weekends he likes to put on the boards,
周末他喜欢上舞台
throw up rooster tails.
抛公鸡尾巴符咒
And then Marge Deton.
马吉德顿
Marge is 104.
104岁
Her grandson actually lives in the Twin Cities here.
她的孙子住在双子城?
She starts her day with lifting weights.
她每天先练举重
She rides her bicycle.
然后骑自行车。
And then she gets in her root-beer colored
然后驾着她1994年的啤酒色
1994 Cadillac Seville,
凯迪拉克塞维利亚
and tears down the San Bernardino freeway,
驶向圣贝纳迪诺高速公路
where she still volunteers for seven different organizations.
在高速上她是七个不同组织的志愿者。
I've been on 19 hardcore expeditions.
我已经经历了19次远征，
I'm probably the only person you'll ever meet
也许是你见到的唯一骑自行车
who rode his bicycle across
穿过
the Sahara desert without sunscreen.
撒哈拉沙漠却没有晒伤的人。
But I'll tell you, there is no adventure more harrowing
但是让我告诉你，没有比运输途中担任马吉德顿护卫更加
than riding shotgun with Marge Deton.
让人头痛的事情。
"A stranger is a friend I haven't met yet!" she'd say to me.
她说：“陌生人是一个我还未见过的朋友。”
So, what are the common denominators
所以，这三种文化有什么
in these three cultures?
共同特性呢？
What are the things that they all do?
他们都有做了什么事情？
演讲简介：
为了寻找健康长寿的秘诀，丹比诺与他的研究团队研究了世界上被称为“蓝区”的地方。在这些特殊地方，老年人能活到创纪录的年龄并且仍然保持活力四射。丹比诺在ted分享了九种使得这些老年人年过一百的普通的饮食和生活习惯。
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